| SR NO | CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY | ASSOCIATED HAZARDS | EFFECT OF HAZARDS | PREVENTIVE MEASURES / RECOMMENDATIONS |
| 1 | Electrical installations and usage | Short Circuiting | Electrocution or fire | Use hand gloves & other PPE |
| | Don’t lay wires under carpets , mats or door ways |
| Employ licensed electricians to carry out electrical installation |
| Use one socket for one appliance. |
| Ensure usage of only fully insulated, undamaged wires or cables. |
| Don’t place bare wire ends in a socket |
| Ensure earthing of equipments |
| Do not use damaged cords and avoid temporary connections |
| Provide all connections through ELCB |
| Protect electrical cables / equipments from water and naked flames. |
| Check all connections before energizing. |
| Over loading of Electrical system | Bursting of system leading to fire | Display voltage and current ratings prominently with Danger signs. |
| Ensure approved cable size, voltage grade and type |
| Switch of the electrical utilities when not in use. |
| Do not allow unauthorized connections. |
| Ensure proper grid wise distribution of power. |
| Improper laying of overhead under ground transmission lines / cables | Can cause electrocution and prove fatal | Do not lay unamoured cable directly on ground, wall, top of trees. Maintain at least 3 meter distance from HT cables . All temporary cables should be laid at least 750 mm below ground on 100 mm fine sand overlaying by brick soling. |
| Proper sleeves should be provided at road crossings. |
| Provide cable route markers indicating the type and depth of cables at intervals not exceeding 30 m and at the diversions termination. |
| 2 | Working at Heights | Person can fall down | May sustain severe injuries or prove fatal | Provide guard rails / barricades at the work place |
| Use PPE like safety belts, full body harness, with two life lines , helmets , safety shoes etc. |
| Obtain work permit before starting the work at height above 2 meters. |
| Fall arrestor systems like safety nets must be installed |
| Provide proper working space ( min 0.6 m x 0.6 m) |
| Tie / weld working platform with fixed support. |
| Avoid moments on beams. |
| May hit the scrap / material stacked at the ground or in between | Keep the work place neat and clean |
| | Remove the scrap immediately |
| Material can fall down | May hit the workers working at lower levels & prove fatal | Same as above plus |
| Barricade the area at ground level |
| Do not throw or drop materials or equipment from height. |
| All tools to be carried in a tool kit bag. |
| Remove scraps from the planks. |
| Ensure wearing of helmet by the workers at low level |
| 3 | Confined Spaces | Suffocation | Unconsciousness / death | Use respiratory devices |
| Avoid over crowding inside a confined space |
| Provide exhaust fans / ventilation |
| Do not use loose clothes. |
| Keep a stand by person outside the vessel |
| Provide alarm bell to the person inside the confined space. |
| Check for reasons of hydro carbons O2 level, toxic gases |
| Obtain permit before entering the confined space |
| All incoming lines to the tank should be emptied and blank |
| Presence of foul smell and toxic substances | Inhalation can pose threat to life | Same as above plus Check for compounds before entering a confined space |
| Keep one person outside the confined space for continuing monitoring and for extending help in case of emergency. |
| Ignition / flame can cause fire | Person may sustain burr injuries or explosion may occur | Keep fire extinguishers handy |
| Remove surplus material and scrap immediately |
| Do not smoke inside a confined space |
| Do not allow gas cylinders inside a confined space |
| Use low voltage (24 V) explosion proof lamps for lighting |
| Use pneumatic tools or electric tools with max. 24 V (explosion proof) |
| Remove all equipments at the end of the day. |
| 4 | Radiography | Ionizing / radiation from source | Radiation may cause diseases like cancer , skin irritation , dermatitis etc | Follow safety guidelines from BARC before commencement of job. |
| Employ authorized and trained person with requisite qualifications. |
| Barricade the area and install radiation warning symbol. |
| Restrict the entry of unauthorized persons. |
| Wear appropriate PPE and film badges issued by BARC. |
| Transportation and storage of radiography source | Same as above | Never touch or handle radiography source with hands. |
| Store radiography source inside approved pit in an exclusive isolated storage room with lock and key arrangement. |
| Radiography source shall never be carried in a passenger bus or an passenger compartment of train. |
| BARC should be informed before source movement. |
| Loss of radioisotope | Same as above | Try to locate with the help of survey meter and inform to BARC |
| 5 | Hand Power Tools | Unguarded moving parts like grinding wheels, drill bits. | It may injure the operator. Wheel may get detached,. And hit the passer might by flying missiles causing serious injury. | Use proper guard. Ensure tightening mechanism of the tool. |
| Supply of power without earthing | Electrocution | Always use three pin plug. Ensure good earthing. |
| Damage tools | Can cause injury. | Always use tested & verified tools. |
| 6 | Lifting Activities. | Failure of load lifting & moving equipment | Can cause accident & proved to be fatal | Check periodically oil, brakes, gears, Horns , and tyre pressure of all moving machinery, Check quality, size & condition of all chained pulley blocks, sleeves, Sling, U clamps, D shackle , wire ropes, etc. Allow crane to move only on hard firm and leveled ground . Allow lifting sling as short as possible. |
| Overloading of Lifting equipments. | Same as above | Safe Lifting capacity of derricks, and winches should be ascertained, Maximum SWL shall marked on all lifting equipments. Check the weight of columns & other heavy items painted on them and accordingly design above the angle of erection. Allow only trained operators and riggers during crane operations. |
| Overhead Electrical wires | Can cause electrocution & fire. | Do not allow boom or the other part of the crane to come within the three meter reach of overhead HT cables. |
| Hook & load being lifted shall be preferably remained in full visibility. |
